Digital Signal Processing (Record no. 223)
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| 000 -LEADER | |
|---|---|
| fixed length control field | 33048nam a2200229Ia 4500 |
| 001 - CONTROL NUMBER | |
| control field | 0000662 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER | |
| control field | OSt |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION | |
| control field | 20190223150050.0 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION | |
| fixed length control field | 170602s9999 xx 000 0 und d |
| 020 ## - INTERNATIONAL STANDARD BOOK NUMBER | |
| International Standard Book Number | 9788183716307 |
| 028 ## - PUBLISHER NUMBER | |
| Qualifying information | 2016 |
| Source | Allied Informatics, Jaipur |
| 040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE | |
| Language of cataloging | English |
| Original cataloging agency | BSDU |
| Transcribing agency | BSDU |
| 082 ## - DEWEY DECIMAL CLASSIFICATION NUMBER | |
| Classification number | 621.382 2 |
| Item number | BAB |
| 100 ## - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Babu, P Ramesh |
| 245 #0 - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | Digital Signal Processing |
| 250 ## - EDITION STATEMENT | |
| Edition statement | 6th |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. | |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc. | Scitech Publications (India) Pvt. Ltd |
| Place of publication, distribution, etc. | Chennai |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2015,c2014 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION | |
| Extent | 11.75;UQ.66 |
| 504 ## - BIBLIOGRAPHY, ETC. NOTE | |
| Bibliography, etc. note | Chapter 1 Discrete-time Signals and Linear Systems 1.1 - 1.239<br/>1.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1<br/>1.2 Examples of Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1<br/>1.2.1 Speech signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.1<br/>1.2.2 ECG signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.2<br/>1.2.3 Electroencephalogram (EEG) signal . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3<br/>1.3 Classification of Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.3<br/>1.3.1 Continuous-time, discrete-time and digital Signals . . . . 1.3<br/>1.3.2 Deterministic and random signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.9<br/>1.4 System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.10<br/>1.4.1 Continuous-time system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.11<br/>1.4.2 Discrete-time system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.11<br/>1.5 Mathematical Model of Continuous-time Systems . . . . . . . . . . 1.12<br/>1.5.1 Modeling of mechanical and electrical elements . . . . . 1.12<br/>1.5.2 Electrical elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.13<br/>1.6 Examples of Continuous-Time System Models . . . . . . . . . . . 1.14<br/>1.6.1 RL circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.14<br/>1.6.2 Mass - Spring - Dashpot system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.15<br/>1.7 Examples of Discrete-Time System Models . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.15<br/>1.7.1 Population model . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.15<br/>1.7.2 Savings account . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.16<br/>1.7.3 Amortization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.16<br/>1.8 Signal Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.18<br/>1.9 Advantages and Limitations of Digital Signal Processing . . . . . . 1.20<br/>1.9.1 Advantages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.20<br/>1.9.2 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.21<br/>1.10 Applications of DSP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.21<br/>1.11 Elementary Continuous-time Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.22<br/>1.11.1 Unit step function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.22<br/>1.11.2 Unit ramp function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.22<br/>1.11.3 Impulse function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.23<br/>1.11.4 Sinusoidal signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.23<br/>1.11.5 Real exponential signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.24<br/>1.11.6 Complex exponential signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.25<br/>1.12 Continuous-time Periodic Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.26<br/>1.13 Representation of Discrete-time Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.28<br/>1.13.1 Graphical representation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.28<br/>1.13.2 Functional representation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.28<br/>1.13.3 Tabular representation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.29<br/>1.13.4 Sequence representation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.29<br/>1.14 Elementary Discrete-time signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.29<br/>1.14.1 Unit step sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.29<br/>1.14.2 Unit ramp sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.30<br/>1.14.3 Unit-sample sequence(unit impulse sequence) . . . . . . 1.30<br/>1.14.4 Exponential sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.31<br/>1.14.5 Sinusoidal signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.31<br/>1.14.6 Complex exponential signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.32<br/>1.15 Classification of Discrete-Time Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.33<br/>1.15.1 Energy signals and power signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.33<br/>1.15.2 Periodic and aperiodic signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.36<br/>1.15.3 Symmetric(even) and antisymmetric (odd) signals . . . . 1.42<br/>1.15.4 Causal and noncausal signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.43<br/>1.16 Operation on Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.43<br/>1.16.1 Shifting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.43<br/>1.16.2 Time reversal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.44<br/>1.16.3 Time Scaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.45<br/>1.16.4 Scalar multiplication . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.47<br/>1.16.5 Signal multiplier . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.47<br/>1.16.6 Addition operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.47<br/>1.17 Sampling and Aliasing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.48<br/>1.18 Discrete-Time System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.52<br/>1.19 Classification of Discrete-Time systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.52<br/>1.19.1 Static and dynamic systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.52<br/>1.19.2 Causal and noncausal systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.53<br/>1.19.3 Linear and non-linear systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.54<br/>1.19.4 Time variant and time-invariant systems . . . . . . . . . 1.56<br/>1.20 Representation of an Arbitrary Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.58<br/>1.21 Impulse Response and Convolution Sum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.60<br/>1.22 Properties of Convolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.61<br/>1.23 Causality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.61<br/>1.24 FIR and IIR Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.62<br/>1.25 Stable and Unstable Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.63<br/>1.26 Interconnection of LTI Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.71<br/>1.26.1 (i) Parallel connection of systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.71<br/>1.26.2 (ii) Cascade connection of two systems . . . . . . . . . . 1.72<br/>1.27 Correlation of Two Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.75<br/>1.27.1 Cross-correlation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.76<br/>1.27.2 Autocorrelation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.76<br/>1.27.3 Properties of crosscorrelation and autocorrelation sequences 1.77<br/>1.27.4 Computation of correlation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.78<br/>1.27.5 Correlation of power and periodic signals . . . . . . . . . 1.79<br/>1.28 Inverse System and Deconvolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.80<br/>1.28.1 Inverse system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.80<br/>1.28.2 Deconvolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.80<br/>1.29 Time Response Analysis of Discrete-time Systems . . . . . . . . . 1.83<br/>1.29.1 Natural response (zero input response) . . . . . . . . . . 1.85<br/>1.29.2 Forced response (zero state response) . . . . . . . . . . . 1.88<br/>1.29.3 Total response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.91<br/>1.30 Impulse Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.93<br/>1.31 Step Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.99<br/>1.32 Frequency Analysis of Discrete-Time Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.100<br/>1.33 Discrete Frequency Spectrum and Frequency Range . . . . . . . . . 1.103<br/>1.34 Discrete-Time Fourier Transform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.107<br/>1.34.1 Existence of discrete-time Fourier transform . . . . . . . 1.109<br/>1.34.2 Properties of discrete-time Fourier transform . . . . . . . 1.110<br/>1.35 Frequency Response Analysis of Discrete-time systems . . . . . . . 1.128<br/>1.35.1 Frequency Response of First-order system . . . . . . . . 1.129<br/>1.35.2 Frequency response of second-order system . . . . . . . 1.131<br/>1.35.3 Transfer function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.133<br/>1.36 Steady State and Transient Response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.138<br/>1.37 Phase and Group delays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.140<br/>1.38 Ideal filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.141<br/>1.39 Zero phase and linear phase transfer functions . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.144<br/>1.40 Analog to Digital Conversion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.146<br/>1.40.1 Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.146<br/>1.40.2 Aliasing effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.148<br/>1.40.3 Sampling theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.149<br/>1.40.4 Anti-Aliasing Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.150<br/>1.40.5 Sample-and-hold circuit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.150<br/>1.40.6 Quantization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.151<br/>1.41 Reconstruction of Analog signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.152<br/>1.42 Sampling of Bandpass signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.156<br/>Questions and Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.201<br/>Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.214<br/>Multiple Choice Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.216<br/>Exercise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.221<br/>MATLAB Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1.225<br/>Chapter 2 The Z-Transform 2.1 - 2.112<br/>2.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1<br/>2.2 Definition of the z-Transform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.1<br/>2.3 z-Transform and ROC of Finite Duration Sequences . . . . . . . . . 2.2<br/>2.3.1 Right-hand sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2<br/>2.3.2 Left hand sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.2<br/>2.3.3 Two-sided sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3<br/>2.4 z-Transform and ROC of Infinite Duration Sequence . . . . . . . . 2.4<br/>2.5 ROC of Two-sided Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.5<br/>2.6 Stability and ROC . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.7<br/>2.7 Properties of Region of Convergence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8<br/>2.8 Properties of the z-Transform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.8<br/>2.9 The system Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.23<br/>2.10 Poles and Zeros of a System Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.25<br/>2.11 Stability Criterion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.26<br/>2.12 Relationship between the Fourier Transform and the z-Transform . . 2.27<br/>2.13 Relationship between s-Plane and z-Plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.29<br/>2.14 Inverse z-Transform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.30<br/>2.14.1 Long division method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.30<br/>2.14.2 Partial fraction expansion method . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.32<br/>2.14.3 Residue method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.40<br/>2.14.4 Convolution Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.44<br/>2.15 Solution of difference equations using one sided z-transform . . . . 2.48<br/>2.16 Deconvolution Using z-transform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.54<br/>2.17 Simple Digital Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.66<br/>2.17.1 Simple IIR digital Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.66<br/>2.17.2 Highpass IIR digital filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.68<br/>2.18 Simple FIR Digital filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.72<br/>2.18.1 Lowpass FIR digital filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.72<br/>2.18.2 Highpass FIR digital filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.74<br/>2.19 Comb Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.75<br/>2.20 Allpass Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.76<br/>2.21 Minimum Phase, Maximum Phase and Non-minimum Phase Systems 2.79<br/>Questions and Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.87<br/>Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.92<br/>Multiple Choice Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.92<br/>Exercise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.96<br/>MATLAB Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.99<br/>Chapter 3 The Discrete Fourier Transform 3.1 - 3.118<br/>3.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1<br/>3.2 Discrete Fourier series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.1<br/>3.3 Properties of the Discrete Fourier Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2<br/>3.3.1 Linearity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.2<br/>3.3.2 Time shifting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3<br/>3.3.3 Symmetry property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.3<br/>3.3.4 Periodic convolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.4<br/>3.4 The Discrete Fourier Transform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.5<br/>3.4.1 Time-domain aliasing due to frequency sampling . . . . . 3.5<br/>3.5 Relationship of The DFT to Other Transforms . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.22<br/>3.5.1 Relationship to the Fourier transform . . . . . . . . . . . 3.22<br/>3.5.2 Relationship to the z-transform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.23<br/>3.6 Properties of the Discrete Fourier transform . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.25<br/>3.6.1 Periodicity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.26<br/>3.6.2 Linearity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.26<br/>3.6.3 Circular shift of a sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.26<br/>3.6.4 Time reversal of the sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.31<br/>3.6.5 Circular frequency shift . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.31<br/>3.6.6 Complex conjugate property . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.32<br/>3.6.7 Circular convolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.34<br/>3.6.8 Circular correlation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.35<br/>3.6.9 Multiplication of two sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.36<br/>3.6.10 Parseval’s theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.36<br/>3.7 Comparison between Circular Convolution and Linear Convolution . 3.41<br/>3.8 Methods to Evaluate Circular Convolution of Two Sequences . . . . 3.42<br/>3.8.1 Concentric circle method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.42<br/>3.8.2 Matrix multiplication method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.42<br/>3.9 Linear Convolution From Circular Convolution . . . . . . . . . . . 3.48<br/>3.10 Filtering Long Duration Sequences . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3.52<br/>3.10.1 Overlap-save method . . . . . . . . .<br/>Exercise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.60<br/>MATLAB Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.61<br/>Chapter 5 Infinite Impulse Response Filters 5.1 - 5.141<br/>5.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1<br/>5.2 Frequency Selective Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1<br/>5.3 Design of Digital Filters from Analog Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3<br/>5.3.1 Digital versus analog filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.5<br/>5.3.2 Advantages and disadvantages of digital filters . . . . . . 5.5<br/>5.4 Analog Lowpass Filter Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6<br/>5.5 Analog lowpass Butterworth Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.6<br/>5.6 Steps to Design an Analog Butterworth Lowpass Filter . . . . . . . 5.14<br/>5.7 Analog Lowpass Chebyshev Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.17<br/>5.7.1 Pole locations for Chebyshev filter . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.19<br/>5.7.2 Chebyshev Type - 2 filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.22<br/>5.8 Comparison between Butterworth Filter and Chebyshev Filter . . . 5.23<br/>5.9 Steps to Design an Analog Chebyshev Lowpass Filter . . . . . . . . 5.23<br/>5.10 Frequency Transformation in Analog Domain . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.29<br/>5.10.1 Lowpass to lowpass filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.29<br/>5.10.2 Lowpass to highpass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.29<br/>5.10.3 Lowpass to bandpass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.30<br/>5.10.4 Lowpass to bandstop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.31<br/>5.11 Design of Highpass, Bandpass and Bandstop Filters . . . . . . . . . 5.31<br/>5.12 Design of IIR Filters from Analog Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.33<br/>5.12.1 Approximation of derivatives . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.33<br/>5.12.2 Design of IIR filter using impulse invariance technique . . 5.35<br/>5.12.3 Design of IIR filter using bilinear transformation . . . . . 5.44<br/>5.12.4 The matched z-transform . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.48<br/>5.13 Frequency Transformation in Digital Domain . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.52<br/>5.13.1 Lowpass to lowpass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.52<br/>5.13.2 Lowpass to highpass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.52<br/>5.13.3 Lowpass to bandpass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.52<br/>5.13.4 Lowpass to bandstop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.53<br/>5.14 Realization of Digital Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.54<br/>5.14.1 Direct form I realization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.55<br/>5.14.2 Direct form II realization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.58<br/>5.14.3 Signal flowgraph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.62<br/>5.14.4 Transposition theorem and transposed structure . . . . . . 5.63<br/>5.14.5 Cascade form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.65<br/>5.14.6 Parallel form structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.67<br/>5.14.7 Lattice structure of IIR system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.72<br/>5.14.8 Conversion from Lattice structure to direct form . . . . . 5.74<br/>5.14.9 Conversion from direct form to Lattice structure . . . . . 5.75<br/>5.14.10 Lattice-Ladder structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.76<br/>Questions and Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.109<br/>Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.124<br/>Exercise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.125<br/>MATLAB Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.127<br/>Chapter 6 Finite Impulse Response Filters 6.1 - 6.157<br/>6.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1<br/>6.2 Linear Phase FIR Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.1<br/>6.3 Frequency Response of Linear Phase FIR Filters . . . . . . . . . . . 6.5<br/>6.4 Location of the Zeros of Linear Phase FIR Filters . . . . . . . . . . 6.13<br/>6.5 The Fourier Series Method of Designing FIR Filters . . . . . . . . . 6.16<br/>6.6 Design of FIR Filters using Windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.29<br/>6.6.1 Rectangular window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.32<br/>6.6.2 The Triangular or Bartlett window . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.35<br/>6.6.3 Raised cosine window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.38<br/>6.6.4 Hanning window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.39<br/>6.6.5 Hamming window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.40<br/>6.6.6 Blackman window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.43<br/>6.6.7 Kaiser window . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.53<br/>6.6.8 Summary of windows . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.64<br/>6.7 Digital Differentiator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.67<br/>6.8 Hilbert Transformers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.74<br/>6.9 Frequency Sampling Method of Designing FIR Filters . . . . . . . 6.80<br/>6.9.1 Frequency sampling realization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.81<br/>6.9.2 Frequency response . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.81<br/>6.9.3 Design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.82<br/>6.10 Optimum Equiripple Approximation of FIR Filters . . . . . . . . . 6.99<br/>6.11 Realization of FIR Filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.102<br/>6.11.1 Transversal structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.102<br/>6.11.2 Linear phase realization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.105<br/>6.11.3 Lattice structure of an FIR filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.109<br/>6.11.4 Polyphase realization of FIR filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.115<br/>Questions and Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.129<br/>Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.141<br/>Multiple Choice Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.142<br/>Exercise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.144<br/>MATLAB Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.146<br/>Chapter 7 Finite Word Length Effects in Digital Filters 7.1 - 7.72<br/>7.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.1<br/>7.2 Number Representation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.2<br/>7.3 Types of Number Representation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3<br/>7.3.1 Fixed point representation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3<br/>7.3.2 Sign-magnitude form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3<br/>7.3.3 One’s-complement form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.3<br/>7.3.4 Two’s-complement form . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.4<br/>7.3.5 Addition of two fixed point numbers . . . . . . . . . . . 7.5<br/>7.3.6 Multiplication in fixed point arithmetic . . . . . . . . . . 7.7<br/>7.4 Floating Point Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.7<br/>7.4.1 Comparison of fixed point and floating point arithmetic . 7.8<br/>7.5 Block Floating Point Numbers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9<br/>7.6 Quantization Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9<br/>7.6.1 Truncation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.9<br/>7.6.2 Rounding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.10<br/>7.6.3 Error due to truncation and rounding . . . . . . . . . . . 7.10<br/>7.7 Input Quantization Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.15<br/>7.7.1 Steady state input noise power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.16<br/>7.7.2 Steady state output noise power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.18<br/>7.8 Product Quantization Error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.21<br/>7.9 Coefficient Quantization error . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.29<br/>7.10 Zero-input Limit Cycle Oscillations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.30<br/>7.10.1 Dead band . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.31<br/>7.11 Overflow Limit Cycle Oscillations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.32<br/>7.12 Signal Scaling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.33<br/>7.13 Quantization in Floating Point Realization of IIR Digital Filters . . . 7.37<br/>7.14 Finite Word Length Effects in FIR Digital Filters . . . . . . . . . . 7.41<br/>7.15 Quantization Effects in the Computation of the DFT . . . . . . . . . 7.43<br/>7.16 Quantization Errors in FFT Algorithms . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.45<br/>Questions and Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.59<br/>Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.68<br/>Multiple Choice Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.68<br/>Exercise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7.71<br/>Chapter 8 Multirate Signal Processing 8.1 - 8.54<br/>8.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1<br/>8.2 Down Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.1<br/>8.3 Spectrum of the Down Sampled Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.2<br/>8.4 Upsampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.9<br/>8.5 Spectrum of the Up-sampled Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.11<br/>8.6 Anti-imaging Filter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.12<br/>8.7 Identities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.15<br/>8.7.1 First identity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.15<br/>8.7.2 Second identity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.15<br/>8.7.3 Third identity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.16<br/>8.7.4 Fourth identity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.17<br/>8.7.5 Fifth identity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.17<br/>8.7.6 Sixth identity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.18<br/>8.8 Cascading Sample Rate Converters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.19<br/>8.9 Efficient Transversal Structure for Decimator . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.24<br/>8.10 Efficient Transversal Structure for Interpolator . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.26<br/>8.11 Polyphase Structure of Decimator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.28<br/>8.12 Polyphase Decimation using the z-transform . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.31<br/>8.13 Polyphase Structure of Interpolator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.31<br/>8.14 Polyphase Interpolation using the z-transform . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.33<br/>8.15 Multistage Implementation of Sampling Rate Conversion . . . . . . 8.34<br/>8.16 Implementation of Narrow Band Lowpass Filter . . . . . . . . . . . 8.35<br/>8.17 Filter Banks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.35<br/>8.17.1 Analysis filter bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.36<br/>8.17.2 Synthesis filter bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.36<br/>8.17.3 Subband coding filter bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.36<br/>8.18 Quadrature - Mirror Filter (QMF) Bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.37<br/>8.18.1 Alias free filter bank . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.40<br/>Questions and Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.44<br/>Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.46<br/>Multiple Choice Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.46<br/>MATLAB Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8.48<br/>Chapter 9 Statistical Digital Signal Processing 9.1 - 9.45<br/>9.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.1<br/>9.2 Random processes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2<br/>9.3 Random Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.2<br/>9.4 Random variable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3<br/>9.5 Discrete-time Random Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.3<br/>9.6 Statistical Properties of Random Signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.4<br/>9.6.1 Mean . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.4<br/>9.6.2 Mean square . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6<br/>9.6.3 Variance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.6<br/>9.6.4 Autocorrelation of random process . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7<br/>9.6.5 Autocovariance of random process . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7<br/>9.6.6 Crosscorrelation of random processes . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7<br/>9.6.7 Crosscovariance of random processes . . . . . . . . . . . 9.7<br/>9.7 Wide-sense Stationary Random Process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.8<br/>9.7.1 Power in a random signal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.11<br/>9.7.2 Ergodic process . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.12<br/>9.8 Power Density Spectrum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.12<br/>9.9 The DTFT of the Crosscorrelation Sequence . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.13<br/>9.10 White Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.14<br/>9.11 Response of LTI System Due to Random Signals . . . . . . . . . . 9.14<br/>9.12 Estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.20<br/>9.13 Estimation of Autocorrelation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.23<br/>9.14 The Periodogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.24<br/>9.14.1 Average value of IN (ω) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.25<br/>9.14.2 Variance of the periodogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.26<br/>9.15 The Use of DFT in Power Spectrum Estimation . . . . . . . . . . . 9.31<br/>9.16 Performance Characteristics of Nonparametric Power Spectrum<br/>Estimators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.32<br/>9.16.1 Periodogram . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.32<br/>9.16.2 Bartlett’s power spectrum estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.33<br/>9.16.3 Welch power spectrum estimate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.34<br/>9.17 Computational Requirements of Nonparametric Power Spectrum<br/>Estimates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.36<br/>9.17.1 Bartlett’s method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.37<br/>9.17.2 Welch’s method (50% overlap) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.37<br/>9.17.3 Blackman-Tukey method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.38<br/>9.18 Advantages and Disadvantages of Nonparametric Power Spectrum<br/>Estimation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.39<br/>Questions and Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.42<br/>Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.43<br/>MATLAB Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9.44<br/>Chapter 10 Applications of Digital Signal Processing 10.1 - 10.12<br/>10.1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.1<br/>10.2 Speech Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.1<br/>10.3 Speech Analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.2<br/>10.4 Speech Coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.5<br/>10.5 Subband coding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.6<br/>10.6 Channel Vocoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.7<br/>10.7 Homomorphic Vocoder . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.8<br/>10.8 Digital Processing of Audio Signals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.9<br/>10.9 Radar Signal Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.10<br/>10.10DSP Based Measurement System . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.11<br/>Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10.12<br/>Chapter 11 Digital Signal Processors 11.1 - 11.76<br/>11.1 Overview of Digital Signal Processors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.1<br/>11.2 Selecting Digital Signal Processors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.5<br/>11.3 Applications of PDSPs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.6<br/>11.3.1 Communications systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.6<br/>11.3.2 Audio signal processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.7<br/>11.3.3 Control and data acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.7<br/>11.3.4 Biometric Information Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.8<br/>11.3.5 Image/video processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.8<br/>11.4 Von Neumann Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.8<br/>11.5 Harvard Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.9<br/>11.6 VLIW Architecture . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.10<br/>11.7 Multiply Accumulate Unit (MAC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.11<br/>11.8 Pipelining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.13<br/>11.9 Architecture of TMS320C50 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.15<br/>11.9.1 Bus structure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.16<br/>11.9.2 Central processing unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.17<br/>11.9.3 On-chip memory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.21<br/>11.9.4 On-chip peripherals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.23<br/>11.10 Addressing modes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.25<br/>11.10.1 Immediate addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.26<br/>11.10.2 Indirect addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.26<br/>11.10.3 Register addressing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.26<br/>11.10.4 Memory mapped register addressing . . . . . . . . . . . 11.27<br/>11.10.5 Direct addressing mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.27<br/>11.10.6 Circular addressing mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.28<br/>11.11 Instruction Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.28<br/>11.11.1 Summary of instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.28<br/>11.11.2 Classification of instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.34<br/>11.12 Simple Assembly Language Programs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.48<br/>11.13 Architecture of TMS320C54x . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.60<br/>11.13.1 Internal memory organization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.60<br/>11.13.2 Overflow handling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.63<br/>11.13.3 The carry bit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.64<br/>11.13.4 Dual 16-bit mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.64<br/>11.14 Accumulators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.64<br/>Questions and Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.72<br/>Review Questions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11.75<br/>Appendix A Mathematical Identities A.1 - A.2<br/>A.1 Infinite Summation Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A.1<br/>A.2 Finite Summation Formulas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A.1<br/>A.3 Series . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A.2<br/>A.4 Complex Variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A.2<br/>A.5 Trigonometric Identities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . A.2 |
| 650 ## - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--TOPICAL TERM | |
| Topical term or geographic name entry element | Electronics |
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) | |
| Source of classification or shelving scheme | Dewey Decimal Classification |
| Koha item type | Books |
| Withdrawn status | Lost status | Source of classification or shelving scheme | Damaged status | Not for loan | Home library | Current library | Date acquired | Cost, normal purchase price | Total Checkouts | Full call number | Barcode | Date last seen | Cost, replacement price | Price effective from | Koha item type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dewey Decimal Classification | BSDU Knowledge Resource Center, Jaipur | BSDU Knowledge Resource Center, Jaipur | 11/27/2016 | 630.00 | 621.382 2 BAB | 000662 | 02/12/2020 | 630.00 | 06/02/2017 | Books |