Negus, Christopher creator text New Delhi Wiley India Pvt. Ltd. 2019; c2015 monographic eng

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859 Linux Bible, 9th Edition is the ultimate hands-on Linux user guide, whether you're a true beginner or a more advanced user navigating recent changes. This updated ninth edition covers the latest versions of Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 (RHEL 7), Fedora 21 and Ubuntu 14.04 LTS and includes new information on cloud computing and development with guidance on Openstack and Cloudforms. With a focus on RHEL 7, this practical guide gets you up to speed quickly on the new enhancements for enterprise-quality file systems, the new boot process and services management, firewalld, and the GNOME 3 desktop. Written by a Red Hat expert. Contents Acknowledgments Introduction Part I: Getting Started Chapter 1: Starting with Linux Understanding What Linux Is Understanding How Linux Differs from Other Operating Systems Exploring Linux History Free-flowing UNIX culture at Bell Labs Commercialized UNIX Berkeley Software Distribution arrives UNIX Laboratory and commercialization GNU transitions UNIX to freedom BSD loses some steam Linus builds the missing piece OSI open source definition Understanding How Linux Distributions Emerged Choosing a Red Hat distribution Using Red Hat Enterprise Linux Using Fedora Choosing Ubuntu or another Debian distribution Finding Professional Opportunities with Linux Today Understanding how companies make money with Linux Becoming Red Hat certified RHCSA topics RHCE topics Chapter 2: Creating the Perfect Linux Desktop Understanding Linux Desktop Technology Starting with the Fedora GNOME Desktop Live image Using the GNOME 3 Desktop After the computer boots up Navigating with the mouse Navigating with the keyboard Setting up the GNOME 3 desktop Extending the GNOME 3 desktop Using GNOME shell extensions Using the GNOME Tweak Tool Starting with desktop applications Managing files and folders with Nautilus Installing and managing additional software Playing music with Rhythmbox Stopping the GNOME 3 desktop Using the GNOME 2 Desktop Using the Metacity window manager Changing GNOME's appearance Using the GNOME panels Using the Applications and System menus Adding an applet Adding another panel Adding an application launcher Adding a drawer Changing panel properties Adding 3D effects with AIGLX Part II: Becoming a Linux Power User Chapter 3: Using the Shell About Shells and Terminal Windows Using the shell prompt Using a terminal window Using virtual consoles Choosing Your Shell Running Commands Understanding command syntax Locating commands Recalling Commands Using Command History Command-line editing Command-line completion Command-line recall Connecting and Expanding Commands Piping between commands Sequential commands Background commands Expanding commands Expanding arithmetic expressions Expanding variables Using Shell Variables Creating and using aliases Exiting the shell Creating Your Shell Environment Configuring your shell Setting your prompt Adding environment variables Getting Information about Commands Chapter 4: Moving around the File system Using Basic File system Commands Using Metacharacters and Operators Using file-matching metacharacters Using file-redirection metacharacters Using brace expansion characters Listing Files and Directories Understanding File Permissions and Ownership Changing permissions with chmod (numbers) Changing permissions with chmod (letters) Setting default file permission with umask Changing file ownership Moving, Copying and Removing Files Chapter 5: Working with Text Files Editing Files with vim and vi Starting with vi Adding text Moving around in the text Deleting, copying, and changing text Pasting (putting) text Repeating commands Exiting vi Skipping around in the file Searching for text Using ex mode Learning more about vi and vim Finding Files Using locate to find files by name Searching for files with find Finding files by name Finding files by size Finding files by user Finding files by permission Finding files by date and time Using €˜not' and €˜or' when finding files Finding files and executing commands Searching in files with grep Chapter 6: Managing Running Processes Understanding Processes Listing Processes Listing processes with ps Listing and changing processes with top Listing processes with System Monitor Managing Background and Foreground Processes Starting background processes Using foreground and background commands Killing and Renicing Processes Killing processes with kill and killall Using kill to signal processes by PID Using killall to signal processes by name Setting processor priority with nice and renice Limiting Processes with cgroups Chapter 7: Writing Simple Shell Scripts Understanding Shell Scripts Executing and debugging shell scripts Understanding shell variables Special shell positional parameters Reading in parameters Parameter expansion in bash Performing arithmetic in shell scripts Using programming constructs in shell scripts The "if...then" statements The case command The "for...do" loop The "while...do" and "until...do" loops Trying some useful text manipulation programs The general regular expression parser Remove sections of lines of text (cut) Translate or delete characters (tr) The stream editor (sed) Using simple shell scripts Telephone list Backup script Part III: Becoming a Linux System Administrator Chapter 8: Learning System Administration Understanding System Administration Using Graphical Administration Tools Using system-confi g-* tools Using browser-based admin tools Using the root user account Becoming root from the shell (su command) Allowing administrative access via the GUI Gaining administrative access with sudo Exploring Administrative Commands, Configuration Files and Log Files Administrative commands Administrative configuration files Administrative log files and systemd journal Using journalctl to view the systemd journal Managing log messages with rsyslogd Using Other Administrative Accounts Checking and Confi guring Hardware Checking your hardware Managing removable hardware Working with loadable modules Listing loaded modules Loading modules Removing modules Chapter 9: Installing Linux x Choosing a Computer Installing Fedora from Live media Installing Red Hat Enterprise Linux from Installation Media Understanding Cloud-Based Installations Installing Linux in the Enterprise Exploring Common Installation Topics Upgrading or installing from scratch Dual booting Installing Linux to run virtually Using installation boot options Boot options for disabling features Boot options for video problems Boot options for special installation types Boot options for kick starts and remote repositories Miscellaneous boot options Using specialized storage Partitioning hard drives Understanding different partition types Reasons for different partitioning schemes Tips for creating partitions Using the GRUB boot loader Using GRUB Legacy (version 1) Using GRUB 2 Chapter 10: Getting and Managing Software Managing Software on the Desktop Going Beyond the Software Window Understanding Linux RPM and DEB Software Packaging Understanding DEB packaging Understanding RPM packaging What is in an RPM? Where do RPMs come from? Installing RPMs Managing RPM Packages with YUM Understanding how yum works 1 Checking /etc/yumconf 2 Checking /etc/sysconfi g/rhn/up2date (RHEL only) 3 Checking /etc/yumreposd/*repo files 4 Downloading RPM packages and metadata from a YUM repository 5 RPM packages installed to Linux fi le system 6 Store YUM repository metadata to local RPM database Using YUM with third-party software repositories Managing software with the YUM command Searching for packages Installing and removing packages Updating packages Updating groups of packages Maintaining your RPM package database and cache Downloading RPMs from a yum repository Installing, Querying, and Verifying Software with the rpm Command Installing and removing packages with rpm Querying rpm information Verifying RPM packages Managing Software in the Enterprise Chapter 11: Managing User Accounts Creating User Accounts Adding users with useradd Setting user defaults Modifying users with usermod Deleting users with userdel Understanding Group Accounts Using group accounts Creating group accounts Managing Users in the Enterprise Setting permissions with Access Control Lists Setting ACLs with setfacl Setting default ACLs Enabling ACLs Adding directories for users to collaborate Creating group collaboration directories (set GID bit) Creating restricted deletion directories (sticky bit) Centralizing User Accounts Using the Users window Using the Authentication Configuration window Chapter 12: Managing Disks and File systems Understanding Disk Storage Partitioning Hard Disks Understanding partition tables Viewing disk partitions Creating a single-partition disk Creating a multiple-partition disk Using Logical Volume Management Partitions Checking an existing LVM Creating LVM logical volumes Growing LVM logical volumes Mounting File systems Supported file systems Enabling swap areas Disabling a swap area Using the fstab file to define mountable file systems Using the mount command to mount file systems Mounting a disk image in loopback Using the umount command Using the mkfs Command to Create a File system Part IV: Becoming a Linux Server Administrator Chapter 13: Understanding Server Administration Starting with Server Administration Step 1: Install the server Step 2: Configure the server Using configuration files Checking the default configuration Step 3: Start the server Step 4: Secure the server Password protection Firewalls TCP Wrappers SELinux Security settings in configuration files Step 5: Monitor the server Configure logging Run system activity reports Keep system software up to date Check the file system for signs of crackers Managing Remote Access with the Secure Shell Service Starting the openssh-server service Using SSH client tools Using ssh for remote login Using ssh for remote execution Copying files between systems with scp and rsync Interactive copying with sftp Using key-based (passwordless) authentication Configuring System Logging Enabling system logging with rsyslog Understanding the rsyslogconf file Understanding the messages log file Setting up and using a loghost with rsyslogd Watching logs with logwatch Checking System Resources with sar Checking System Space Displaying system space with df Checking disk usage with du Finding disk consumption with find Managing Servers in the Enterprise Chapter 14: Administering Networking Configuring Networking for Desktops Checking your network interfaces Checking your network from Network Manager Checking your network from the command line Configuring network interfaces Setting IP addresses manually Setting IP address aliases Setting routes Configuring a network proxy connection Configuring Networking from the Command Line Editing a connection Understanding networking configuration files Network interface files Other networking files Setting alias network interfaces Setting up Ethernet channel bonding Setting custom routes Configuring Networking in the Enterprise Configuring Linux as a router Configuring Linux as a DHCP server Configuring Linux as a DNS server Configuring Linux as a proxy server Chapter 15: Starting and Stopping Services Understanding the Initialization Daemon (init or systemd) Understanding the classic init daemons Understanding the Upstart init daemon Learning Upstart init daemon basics Learning Upstart's backward compatibility to SysVinit Understanding systemd initialization Learning systemd basics Learning systemd's backward compatibility to SysVinit Checking the Status of Services Checking services for SysVinit systems Checking services for Upstart systems Checking services for systemd systems Stopping and Starting Services Stopping and starting SysVinit services Stopping and starting Upstart services Stopping and starting systemd services Stopping a service with systemd Starting a service with systemd Restarting a service with systemd Reloading a service with systemd Enabling Persistent Services Configuring persistent services for SysVinit Configuring persistent services for Upstart Configuring persistent services for systemd Enabling a service with systemd Disabling a service with systemd Configuring a Default Runlevel or Target Unit Configuring the SysVinit default runlevel Configuring the default runlevel in Upstart Configuring the default target unit for systemd Adding New or Customized Services Adding new services to SysVinit Step 1: Create a new or customized service script file Step 2: Add the service script to /etc/rcd/initd Step 3: Add the service to runlevel directories Adding new services to Upstart Adding new services to systemd Step 1: Create a new or customized service configuration unit file Step 2: Move the service configuration unit file Step 3: Add the service to the Wants directory Chapter 16: Configuring a Print Server Common UNIX Printing System Setting Up Printers Adding a printer automatically Using web-based CUPS administration Using the Print Settings window Configuring local printers with the Print Settings window Configuring remote printers Adding a remote CUPS printer Adding a remote UNIX (LDP/LPR) printer Adding a Windows (SMB) printer Working with CUPS Printing Configuring the CUPS server (cupsdconf) Starting the CUPS server Configuring CUPS printer options manually Using Printing Commands Printing with lpr Listing status with lpc Removing print jobs with lprm Configuring Print Servers Configuring a shared CUPS printer Configuring a shared Samba printer Understanding smbconf for printing Setting up SMB clients Chapter 17: Configuring a Web Server Understanding the Apache Web Server Getting and Installing Your Web Server Understanding the httpd package Installing Apache Starting Apache Securing Apache Apache file permissions and ownership Apache and iptables Apache and SELinux Understanding the Apache configuration files Using directives Understanding default settings Adding a virtual host to Apache Allowing users to publish their own web content Securing your web traffic with SSL/TLS Understanding how SSL is configured Generating an SSL key and self-signed certificate Generating a certificate signing request Troubleshooting Your Web Server Checking for configuration errors Accessing forbidden and server internal errors Chapter 18: Configuring an FTP Server Understanding FTP Installing the vsftpd FTP Server Starting the vsftpd Service Securing Your FTP Server Opening up your firewall for FTP Allowing FTP access in TCP wrappers Configuring SELinux for your FTP server Relating Linux file permissions to vsftpd Configuring Your FTP Server Setting up user access Allowing uploading Setting up vsftpd for the Internet Using FTP Clients to Connect to Your Server Accessing an FTP server from Firefox Accessing an FTP server with the lftp command Using the gFTP client Chapter 19: Configuring a Windows File Sharing (Samba) Server Understanding Samba Installing Samba Starting and Stopping Samba Starting the Samba (smb) service Starting the NetBIOS (nmbd) name server Stopping the Samba (smb) and NetBIOS (nmb) services Securing Samba Configuring firewalls for Samba Configuring SELinux for Samba Setting SELinux Booleans for Samba Setting SELinux fi le contexts for Samba Configuring Samba host/user permissions Configuring Samba Using system-config-samba Choosing Samba server settings Confi guring Samba user accounts Creating a Samba shared folder Checking the Samba share Configuring Samba in the smbconf file Configuring the [global] section Configuring the [homes] section Configuring the [printers] section Creating custom shared directories Accessing Samba Shares Accessing Samba shares in Linux Accessing Samba shares in Windows Using Samba in the Enterprise Chapter 20: Configuring an NFS File Server Installing an NFS Server Starting the NFS service Sharing NFS File systems Configuring the /etc/exports file Hostnames in /etc/exports Access options in /etc/exports User mapping options in /etc/exports Exporting the shared file systems Securing Your NFS Server Opening up your firewall for NFS Allowing NFS access in TCP wrappers Confi guring SELinux for your NFS server Using NFS Filesystems Viewing NFS shares Manually mounting an NFS file system Mounting an NFS file system at boot time Mounting noauto file systems Using mount options Using autofs to mount NFS file systems on demand Automounting to the /net directory Automounting home directories Unmounting NFS file systems Chapter 21: Troubleshooting Linux Boot-Up Troubleshooting Understanding Startup Methods Starting with System V init scripts Starting with systemd Starting with Upstart Starting from the firmware (BIOS or UEFI) Troubleshooting BIOS setup Troubleshooting boot order Troubleshooting the GRUB boot loader Starting the kernel Troubleshooting the initialization system Troubleshooting System V initialization Troubleshooting rcsysinit Troubleshooting runlevel processes Troubleshooting systemd initialization Troubleshooting Software Packages Fixing RPM databases and cache Troubleshooting Networking Troubleshooting outgoing connections View network interfaces Check physical connections Check routes Check hostname resolution Troubleshooting incoming connections Check if the client can reach your system at all Check if the service is available to the client Check the firewall on the server Check the service on the server Troubleshooting Memory Uncovering memory issues Checking for memory problems Dealing with memory problems Troubleshooting in Rescue Mode Part V: Learning Linux Security Techniques Chapter 22: Understanding Basic Linux Security Understanding Security Basics Implementing physical security Implementing disaster recovery Securing user accounts One user per user account No logins to the root account Setting expiration dates on temporary accounts Removing unused user accounts Securing passwords Choosing good passwords Setting and changing passwords Enforcing best password practices Understanding the password files and password hashes Securing the filesystem Managing dangerous filesystem permissions Securing the password files Locking down the filesystem Managing software and services Removing unused software and services Updating software packages Advanced implementation Working in the Monitoring Phase Monitoring log files Monitoring user accounts Detecting counterfeit new accounts and privileges Detecting bad account passwords Monitoring the filesystem Verifying software packages Scanning the filesystem Detecting viruses and rootkits Detecting an intrusion Working in the Audit/Review Phase Conducting compliance reviews Conducting security reviews Summary Exercises Chapter 23: Understanding Advanced Linux Security Implementing Linux Security with Cryptography Understanding hashing Understanding encryption/decryption Understanding cryptographic ciphers Understanding cryptographic cipher keys Understanding digital signatures Implementing Linux cryptography Ensuring file integrity Encrypting a Linux filesystem Encrypting a Linux directory Encrypting a Linux file Encrypting Linux miscellaneous Implementing Linux Security with PAM Understanding the PAM authentication process Understanding PAM contexts Understanding PAM control flags Understanding PAM modules Understanding PAM system event configuration files Administering PAM on your Linux system Managing PAM-aware application configuration files Managing PAM system event configuration files Implementing resources limits with PAM Implementing time restrictions with PAM Enforcing good passwords with PAM Encouraging sudo use with PAM Locking accounts with PAM Obtaining more information on PAM Summary Exercises Chapter 24: Enhancing Linux Security with SELinux Understanding SELinux Benefits Understanding How SELinux Works Understanding Type Enforcement Understanding Multi-Level Security Implementing SELinux security models Understanding SELinux Operational Modes Understanding SELinux security contexts Understanding SELinux Policy types Understanding SELinux Policy rule packages Configuring SELinux Setting the SELinux Operational Mode Setting the SELinux Policy type ................................................................672 Managing SELinux security contexts .......................................................673 Managing the user security context Managing the fi le security context Managing the process security context Managing SELinux policy rule packages Managing SELinux via Booleans Monitoring and Troubleshooting SELinux Understanding SELinux logging Reviewing SELinux messages in the audit log Reviewing SELinux messages in the messages log Troubleshooting SELinux logging Troubleshooting common SELinux problems Using a non-standard directory for a service Using a non-standard port for a service Moving files and losing security context label Booleans set incorrectly Putting It All Together Obtaining More Information on SELinux Summary Exercises Chapter 25: Securing Linux on a Network Auditing Network Services Evaluating access to network services Using map to create a network services list Using map to audit your network services advertisements Controlling access to network services Working with Firewalls Understanding firewalls Implementing firewalls Understanding the iptables utility Using the iptables utility Summary Exercises Part VI: Appendixes Appendix A: Media Getting Fedor Getting Red Hat Enterprise Linux Getting Ubuntu Creating Linux CDs and DVDs Burning CDs/DVDs in Windows Burning CDs/DVDs on a Mac OS X system Burning CDs/DVDs in Linux Burning CDs from a Linux desktop Burning CDs from a Linux command line Booting Linux from a USB Drive Appendix B: Exercise Answers . Chapter 2: Creating the Perfect Linux Desktop Chapter 3: Using the Shell Chapter 4: Moving Around the Filesystem Chapter 5: Working with Text Files Chapter 6: Managing Running Processes Chapter 7: Writing Simple Shell Scripts Chapter 8: Learning System Administration Chapter 9: Installing Linux Chapter 10: Getting and Managing Software Chapter 11: Managing User Accounts Chapter 12: Managing Disks and Filesystems Chapter 13: Understanding Server Administration Chapter 14: Administering Networking Chapter 15: Starting and Stopping Services an FTP Server Chapter 19: Configuring a Windows File Sharing (Samba) Server Chapter 20: Confi guring an NFS File Server Chapter 21: Troubleshooting Linux Chapter 22: Understanding Basic Linux Security Chapter 23: Understanding Advanced Linux Security Chapter 24: Enhancing Linux Security with SELinux Chapter 25: Securing Linux on a Network Index . Chapter 16: Configuring a Print Server . Chapter 17: Configuring a Web Server Chapter 18: Configuring Computer Science 005.432 NEG 978-81-265-5587-7 Allied Informatics, Jaipur BSDU 190403 20190403144945.0 English